Bacteriological Analysis of Drinking Water from Various Public Sector Schools of District Dukki Balochistan Pakistan

Abstract

An essential requirement for good health is clean drinking water and it is also a fundamental human right. Diseases like cholera, dysentery, typhoid fever, and many other gastrointestinal infections are cause by bacterial contamination of drinking water. The present study was conducted for the bacteriological analysis of drinking water from various public sector schools in district Dukki, Balochistan, Pakistan. A total of 100 Samples were collected by using a simple random sampling method from various sources, such as canal water, tube well/bore water and drinking water plants. Using the spread plate method, the bacterial load was calculated by making serial dilutions. To calculate the number of bacterial colonies, total viable count (TVC) was performed. Presumptive, confirmed, and complete tests (MPN technique) by using standard protocols were performed to detect coliforms bacteria. For the confirmation of isolated bacteria various biochemical test was performed, and the antibiotic susceptibility of isolates were determined by Kirby-Bauer method. Results of the study revealed that 25 samples were found positive for bacterial growth via presumptive test. All positive samples were confirmed through biochemical test. Various bacterial contaminants found in water were E. coli 17 (68%), Citrobacter spp. 03 (12%), Enterobacter 03 (12%) and Klebsiella 02 (8%), respectively. All isolates were showed resistance to Amoxicillin. This study showed that public sector schools of Dukki District have significant water contamination rate it should be considered seriously to control different water borne diseases which would be beneficial for the public health.